The history of Japanese and Ainu relations is a sad story. In the 1600s and 1700s, the Ainu regularly traded with the Japanese. However, the relationship changed under the Tokugawa Shogunate, which was the military government that was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu. After most of Japan’s other islands were brought under the Shogun’s control, the government turned its attention to Hokkaido. At that time, most Ainu were forced into labor to serve the Japanese.
日本人與愛奴人關係的歷史是一段悲傷的故事。在十七、十八世紀，愛奴人定期會與日本人進行貿易。然而，在德川家康建立的軍政府德川幕府時期，這種關係發生了變化。在日本其他大部分島嶼被幕府將軍控制之後，該政府將注意力轉向了北海道。當時，大多數的愛奴人都被迫以勞力服侍日本人。
生活必備字詞：
relation n.（指種族、國家、組織、公司等之間的正式）關係
relationship n.（尤指人或團體之間的）關係
trade with... 和……交易
be forced into... 被迫（做∕接受）……
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本文節錄自《常春藤生活英語》雜誌，完整內容請見八月號。
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